make an offering

lĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a., to make an offering which exhibits favorable prognostics, to sacrifice under favorable auspices, to obtain favorable omens.

Lit.

Neutr.:

si istuc umquam factum est, tum me Juppiter Faciat, ut semper sacrificem nec umquam litem,

Plaut. Poen. 2, 41:

nec auspicato, nec litato instruunt aciem,

without favorable omens, Liv. 5, 38:

Manlium egregie litasse,

id. 8, 9, 1:

non facile litare,

id. 27, 23; 29, 10, 6; Suet. Caes. 81;

curt. 7, 7, 29: impia tam saeve gesturus bella litasti,

Luc. 7, 171.—Prov.: mola tantum salsa litant, qui non habent tura, i. e. a man can give no more than he has, Plin. praef. § 11.—

With dat.:

cum pluribus dis immolatur, qui tandem evenit, ut litetur aliis, aliis non litetur,

Cic. Div. 2, 17, 38:

litatum est ei deo,

Plin. 10, 28, 40, § 75.—

With abl.:

proximā hostiā litatur saepe pulcherrime,

Cic. Div. 2, 15, 36; so Plin. 8, 45, 70, § 183:

humanis hostiis,

Tac. G. 9.—

Of the victim itself, to give a favorable omen, promise a successful event:

victima Diti patri caesa litavit,

Suet. Oth. 8; id. Aug. 96:

non quacunque manu victima caesa litat,

Mart. 10, 73, 6.—

Transf., in gen., to make an offering, offer sacrifice:

qui hominem immolaverint, exve ejus sanguine litaverint... capite puniuntur,

Paul. Sent. 5, 23, 16.—

Act., to offer acceptably ( poet. and in post-class. prose):

exta litabat ovis,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 24:

sacra bove,

Ov. F. 4, 630:

sacris litatis,

Verg. A. 4, 50:

sacris ex more litatis,

Ov. M. 14, 156:

Phoebe, tibi enim haec sacra litavi,

Stat. Th. 10, 338:

tibi litavi hoc sacrum,

Luc. 1, 632:

diis sanguinem humanum,

Flor. 3, 4, 2:

hostias,

Just. 20, 2, 14.—

Trop.

To bring an offering to, to make atonement to, to propitiate, appease, satisfy:

litemus Lentulo, parentemus Cethego,

Cic. Fl. 38, 96:

publico gaudio,

Plin. Pan. 52, 4: aliquid poenā, Auct. B. Hisp. 24. — Impers. pass.:

sanguine quaerendi reditus, animāque litandum Argolicā,

Verg. A. 2, 118:

postquam litatum est Ilio Phoebus redit,

Sen. Agm. 577:

de alicujus sanguine legibus,

App. M. 2, p. 132 fin. —

To devote, consecrate: plura non habui, dolor, tibi quae litarem, Sen. Med. fin.:

honorem deo,

Tert. Patient. 10:

victimam,

Prud. Cath. 7, 5.

făcĭo, feci, factum, 3, v. a. and n.; in pass.: fio, factus, fieri ( imper. usually fac, but the arch form face is freq., esp. in Plaut. and Ter., as Plaut. As. prol. 4; 1, 1, 77; id. Aul. 2, 1, 30; id. Cist. 2, 1, 28; id. Ep. 1, 1, 37; 2, 2, 117; id. Most. 3, 2, 167 et saep.; Ter. And. 4, 1, 57; 4, 2, 29; 5, 1, 2; 14; id. Eun. 1, 2, 10 al.; Cato, R. R. 23, 1; 26; 32 al.; Cat. 63, 78; 79; 82; Ov. Med. fac. 60; Val. Fl. 7, 179 al.; futur. facie for faciam, Cato ap. Quint. 1, 7, 23; cf. dico, init., and the letter e:

faxo,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 199; 2, 1, 42; 3, 3, 17; 3, 4, 14; 5, 1, 55 et saep.; Ter. And. 5, 2, 13; id. Eun. 2, 2, 54; 4, 3, 21 al.; Verg. A. 9, 154; 12, 316; Ov. M. 3, 271; 12, 594: faxim, Enn. ap. Non. 507, 23; Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 13; id. Aul. 3, 2, 6; 3, 5, 20 al.; Ter. And. 4, 4, 14; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 13:

faxis,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 38; Sil. 15, 362: faxit, Lex Numae in Paul. ex Fest. s. v. ALIVTA, p. 6 Mull.; Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 12; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 90; 3, 5, 54; id. Cas. 3, 5, 6 al.; Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

faximus,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 40: faxitis, an old form in Liv. 23, 11, 2; 25, 12, 10; 29, 27, 3:

faxint,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 85; id. Aul. 2, 1, 27; 2, 2, 79 al.; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 109; id. Hec. 1, 2, 27; 3, 2, 19; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 35, § 81; id. Fam. 14, 3, 3.—In pass. imper.:

fi,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 87; Hor. S. 2, 5, 38; Pers. 1, 1, 39:

fite,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 89 al. — Indic.: facitur, Nigid. ap. Non. 507, 15: fitur, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 789:

fiebantur,

id. ib.: fitum est, Liv. Andron. ap. Non. 475, 16.— Subj.: faciatur, Titin. ib.— Inf.: fiere, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 75 P.; Ann. v. 15, ed. Vahl.; Laev. ap. Gell. 19, 7, 10.—On the long i of fit, v. Ritschl, prol. p. 184, and cf. Plaut. Capt. prol. 25: ut fit in bello) [prob. root bha-; Sanscr. bhasas, light; Gr. pha-, in phainô, phêmi; cf. fax, facetiae, facilis, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 423.—But Curt. refers facio to root the- (strengthened THEK), Griech. Etym. p. 64], to make in all senses, to do, perform, accomplish, prepare, produce, bring to pass, cause, effect, create, commit, perpetrate, form, fashion, etc. (cf. in gen.:

ago, factito, reddo, operor, tracto): verbum facere omnem omnino faciendi causam complectitur, donandi, solvendi, judicandi, ambulandi, numerandi,

Dig. 50, 16, 218.

In gen.

With acc.: ut faber, cum quid aedificaturus est, non ipse facit materiam, sed ea utitur, quae sit parata, etc.... Quod si non est a deo materia facta, ne terra quidem et aqua et aer et ignis a deo factus est, Cic. N. D. Fragm. ap. Lact. 2, 8 (Cic. ed. Bait. 7, p. 121):

sphaera ab Archimede facta,

Cic. Rep. 1, 14:

fecitque idem et sepsit de manubiis comitium et curiam,

id. ib. 2, 17:

aedem,

id. ib. 2, 20:

pontem in Arari faciundum curat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 1:

castra,

id. ib. 1, 48, 2; Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4:

faber vasculum fecit,

Quint. 7, 10, 9:

classem,

Caes. B. G. 4, 21, 4:

cenas et facere et obire,

Cic. Att. 9, 13, 6:

ignem lignis viridibus,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 17, § 45:

poema,

to compose, id. Pis. 29, 70:

carmina,

Juv. 7, 28:

versus,

id. 7, 38:

sermonem,

Cic. Fam. 9, 8, 1; cf.

litteram,

id. Ac. 2, 2, 6: ludos, to celebrate, exhibit = edere, id. Rep. 2, 20; id. Att. 15, 10;

also i. q. ludificari,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 47:

sementes,

i. e. to sow, Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 1:

messem,

Col. 2, 10, 28:

pecuniam,

to make, acquire, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

manum (with parare copias),

to collect, prepare, id. Caecin. 12, 33; so,

cohortes,

Caes. B. C. 3, 87, 4:

exercitum,

Vell. 2, 109, 2; and:

auxilia mercede,

Tac. A. 6, 33:

iter,

Cic. Att. 3, 1; id. Planc. 26, 65; id. Div. 1, 33, 73 et saep.; cf.

also the phrases: aditum sibi ad aures,

Quint. 4, 1, 46:

admirationem alicujus rei alicui,

to excite, Liv. 25, 11, 18; Sen. Ep. 115:

aes alienum,

Cic. Att. 13, 46, 4; Liv. 2, 23, 5; Sen. Ep. 119, 1:

alienationem disjunctionemque,

Cic. Lael. 21, 76:

animum alicui,

Liv. 25, 11, 10:

arbitrium de aliquo,

to decide, Hor. C. 4, 7, 21;

opp. arbitrium alicui in aliqua re,

i. e. to leave the decision to one, Liv. 43, 15, 5:

audaciam hosti,

id. 29, 34, 10:

audientiam orationi,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 13, 42:

auspicium alicui,

Liv. 1, 34, 9; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 86:

auctoritatem,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 43:

bellum,

Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35; Caes. B. G. 3, 29, 2:

multa bona alicui,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 46:

castra,

to pitch, Tac. H. 5, 1:

caulem,

to form, Col. Arb. 54:

clamores,

to make, raise, Cic. Brut. 95, 326:

cognomen alicui,

to give, Liv. 1, 3, 9:

commercium sermonis,

id. 5, 15, 5:

concitationes,

Caes. B. C. 3, 106 fin.:

conjurationes,

to form, id. B. G. 4, 30 fin.:

consuetudinem alicui cum altero,

Cic. Fam. 13, 23, 1:

consilia alicui,

Liv. 35, 42, 8:

contentionem cum aliquo,

Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

controversiam,

to occasion, id. Or. 34, 121:

convicium magnum alicui,

id. Fam. 10, 16, 1:

copiam pugnandi militibus,

Liv. 7, 13, 10:

corpus,

to grow fat, corpulent, Cels. 7, 3 fin.; Phaedr. 3, 7, 5:

curam,

Tac. A. 3, 52:

damnum,

to suffer, Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

detrimentum,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 20:

desiderium alicujus, rei alicui,

Liv. 3, 34, 7; 7, 24, 10:

dicta,

Ov. F. 2, 375; 3, 515:

difficultatem,

Quint. 10, 3, 10 and 16:

discordiam,

to cause, Tac. H. 3, 48:

discrimen,

Quint. 7, 2, 14; 11, 1, 43:

disjunctionem (with alienationem),

Cic. Lael. 21, 76:

dolorem alicui,

id. Att. 11, 8, 2:

dulcedinem,

Sen. Ep. 111:

eloquentiam alicui (ira),

Quint. 6, 2, 26:

epigramma,

to write, Cic. Arch. 10, 25:

errorem,

Sen. Ep. 67:

eruptiones ex oppido,

Caes. B. C. 2, 2, 5:

exemplum,

Quint. 5, 2, 2: exempla = edere or statuere, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 66. exercitum, to raise, muster, Tac. A. 6, 33:

exspectationem,

Quint. 9, 2, 23:

facinus,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 1; Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 95; Tac. A. 12, 31:

facultatem recte judicandi alicui,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 73, § 179:

fallaciam,

Ter. And. 1, 8, 7:

famam ingenii,

Quint. 11, 2, 46:

fastidium,

Liv. 3, 1, 7:

favorem alicui,

id. 42, 14, 10; Quint. 4, 1, 33:

fidem alicui,

Cic. Cat. 3, 2, 4; id. Att. 7, 8, 1; Quint. 6, 2, 18:

finem,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, 16; id. Rep. 2, 44:

formidinem,

to excite, Tac. H. 3, 10:

fortunam magnam (with parare),

Liv. 24, 22, 9:

fraudem,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 9; Cic. Att. 4, 12:

fugam fecerunt, stronger than fugerunt,

Liv. 8, 9, 12 Weissenb.; Sall. J. 53, 3;

but: cum fugam in regia fecisset (sc. ceterorum),

Liv. 1, 56, 4; so,

fugam facere = fugare,

id. 21, 5, 16; 21, 52, 10:

fugam hostium facere,

id. 22, 24, 8; 26, 4, 8 al.:

gestum vultu,

Quint. 11, 3, 71:

gradum,

Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 249; id. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 3; Quint. 3, 6, 8:

gratiam alicujus rei,

Liv. 3, 56, 4; 8, 34, 3:

gratulationem alicui,

Cic. Fam. 11, 18, 3; Sen. Ep. 6:

gratum alicui,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 56; Cic. Rep. 1, 21; cf.:

gratissimum alicui,

id. Fam. 7, 21 fin.:

histrioniam,

Plaut. Am. prol. 152:

homicidium,

to commit, Quint. 5, 9, 9:

hospitium cum aliquo,

Cic. Balb. 18, 42:

imperata,

Caes. B. G. 2, 3, 3:

impetum in hostem,

Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 34; Liv. 25, 11, 2:

incursionem,

Liv. 3, 38, 3:

indicium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57, § 150:

inducias,

id. Phil. 8, 7, 20:

initium,

to begin, id. Agr. 2, 29, 79; cf.:

initia ab aliquo,

id. Rep. 1, 19:

injuriam,

id. ib. 3, 14 (opp. accipere); Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 4; Quint. 3, 6, 49; 10, 1, 115:

insidias alicui,

Cic. Mil. 9, 23:

iram,

Quint. 6, 1, 14:

jacturam,

Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89; id. Fin. 2, 24, 79; Caes. B. G. 7, 77, 7:

judicium,

Cic. Att. 7, 23, 2:

judicatum,

to execute, id. Fl. 20, 48:

jus alicui,

Liv. 32, 13, 6:

jussa,

Ov. F. 1, 379:

laetitiam,

Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:

largitiones,

id. Tusc. 3, 20, 48:

locum poetarum mendacio,

Curt. 3, 1, 4:

locum alicui rei,

Cels. 2, 14 fin.; 7, 4, 3; Curt. 4, 11, 8; Sen. Ep. 91, 13 et saep.:

longius,

Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 22 al.:

valde magnum,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7:

medicinam alicui,

to administer, id. Fam. 14, 7:

memoriam,

Quint. 11, 2, 4:

mentionem,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 11, 2:

metum,

to excite, Tac. A. 6, 36:

turbida lux metum insidiarum faciebat,

suggested, Liv. 10, 33, 5:

metum alicui,

id. 9, 41, 11:

missum aliquem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:

modum irae,

Liv. 4, 50, 4:

moram,

Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 72:

morem alicujus rei sibi,

Liv. 35, 35, 13:

motus,

id. 28, 46, 8: multam alicui, Cato ap. Gell. 11, 1, 6:

munditias,

id. R. R. 2, 4:

mutationem,

Cic. Sest. 12, 27; id. Off. 1, 33, 120:

multa alicui,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 16:

naufragium,

to suffer, id. Fam. 16, 9, 1:

negotium alicui,

to give to do, make trouble for, Quint. 5, 12, 13; Just. 21, 4, 4:

nomen alicui,

Liv. 8, 15, 8; cf.

nomina,

to incur debts, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 59:

odium vitae,

Plin. 20, 18, 76, § 199:

officium suum,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 5, 12:

omnia amici causa,

Cic. Lael. 10, 35; id. Fam. 5, 11, 2:

opinionem alicui,

id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:

orationem,

id. de Or. 1, 14, 63; id. Brut. 8, 30; id. Or. 51, 172:

otia alicui,

to grant, Verg. E. 1, 6:

pacem,

to conclude, Cic. Off. 3, 30, 109:

pecuniam ex aliqua re,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

periculum,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 23; id. Heaut. 2, 1, 9; Tac. A. 13, 33; 16, 19; Sall. C. 33, 1: perniciem alicui, to cause, = parare, Tac. H. 2, 70:

planum,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 19, 54:

potestatem,

id. Cat. 3, 5, 11; id. Rep. 2, 28:

praedam,

Caes. B. G. 4, 34, 5; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 60, § 156; Plaut. Poen. 3, 6, 8:

praedas ab aliquo,

Nep. Chabr. 2, 2:

proelium,

to join, Caes. B. G. 1, 13; Cic. Deiot. 5, 13; Liv. 25, 1, 5; Tac. H. 4, 79; id. A. 12, 40:

promissum,

Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95:

pudorem,

Liv. 3, 31, 3:

ratum,

id. 28, 39, 16:

rem,

Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 12:

reum,

to accuse, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38: risum, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 40; 48:

scelus,

to commit, Tac. H. 1, 40:

securitatem alicui,

Liv. 36, 41, 1:

sermonem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66:

significationem ignibus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 33, 3:

silentium,

Liv. 24, 7, 12:

somnum,

to induce, Juv. 3, 282:

spem,

Cic. Att. 3, 16; Liv. 30, 3, 7:

spiritus,

id. 30, 11, 3:

stercus,

Col. 2, 15:

stipendia,

Sall. J. 63, 3; Liv. 3, 27, 1; 5, 7, 5:

stomachum alicui,

Cic. Att. 5, 11, 2; id. Fam. 1, 9, 10:

suavium alicui,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 53:

suspicionem,

Cic. Fl. 33, 83:

taedium alicujus rei,

Liv. 4, 57, 11:

terrorem iis,

to inflict, id. 10, 25, 8:

timorem,

to excite, id. 6, 28, 8:

mihi timorem,

Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 2:

totum,

Dig. 28, 5, 35:

transitum alicui,

Liv. 26, 25, 3:

turbam,

Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 2:

urinam,

Col. 6, 19:

usum,

Quint. 10, 3, 28:

vadimonium,

Cic. Quint. 18, 57:

verbum, verba,

to speak, talk, id. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147:

verbum,

to invent, id. Fin. 3, 15, 51:

versus,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 5:

vestigium,

id. Rab. Post. 17, 47: viam [p. 717] sibi, Liv. 3, 5, 6:

vim alicui or in aliquem,

id. 38, 24, 4; 3, 5, 5:

vires,

to get, acquire, Quint. 10, 3, 3:

vitium,

Cic. Top. 3, 15 al. —

With ut, ne, quin, or the simple subj.:

faciam, ut ejus diei locique meique semper meminerit,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 20:

facere ut remigret domum,

id. Pers. 4, 6, 3; id. Capt. 3, 4, 78; 4, 2, 77:

ea, quantum potui, feci, ut essent nota nostris,

Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 8:

facito, ut sciam,

id. Att. 2, 4, 4:

non potuisti ullo modo facere, ut mihi illam epistolam non mitteres,

id. ib. 11, 21, 1:

si facis ut patriae sit idoneus,

Juv. 14, 71:

ut nihil ad te dem litterarum facere non possum,

Cic. Ac. 8, 14, 1; for which, with quin:

facere non possum, quin ad te mittam,

I cannot forbear sending, id. ib. 12, 27, 2:

fecisti, ut ne cui maeror tuus calamitatem afferret,

id. Clu. 60, 168:

fac, ne quid aliud cures,

id. Fam. 16, 11, 1:

domi assitis, facite,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 53:

fac fidele sis fidelis,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 79:

fac cupidus mei videndi sis,

Cic. Fam. 5, 21, 5:

fac cogites,

id. ib. 11, 3, 4.—In pass.:

fieri potest, ut recte quis sentiat, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 6: potest fieri, ut iratus dixerit, etc., Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 285:

nec fieri possit, ut non statim alienatio facienda sit,

id. Lael. 21, 76; so with ut non, id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 190 (Zumpt, Gram. § 539).—

With inf. = efficere, curare, to cause (rare):

nulla res magis talis oratores videri facit,

Cic. Brut. 38, 142; Pall. 6, 12:

aspectus arborum macrescere facit volucres inclusas,

Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 3; Sall. Fragm. ap. Sen. Ep. 114:

qui nati coram me cernere letum Fecisti,

Verg. A. 2, 539; Ov. H. 17, 174:

mel ter infervere facito,

Col. 12, 38, 5 (perh. also in Ov. H. 6, 100, instead of favet, v. Loers. ad h. l.; cf. infra, B. 4.).—

Absol.:

ego plus, quam feci, facere non possum,

Cic. Fam. 11, 14, 3:

faciam, ut potero, Laeli,

id. de Sen. 3, 7; cf. id. Rep. 1, 24:

noli putare, pigritia me facere, quod non mea manu scribam,

id. Att. 16, 15, 1; so,

facere = hoc or id facere,

Lucr. 4, 1112 (cf. Munro ad loc.); 1153: vereor ne a te rursus dissentiam. M. Non facies, Quinte, Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 33;

so after scribam,

id. Att. 16, 16, 15:

nominaverunt,

id. Rep. 2, 28, 50;

after disserere: tu mihi videris utrumque facturus,

id. ib. 2, 11, 22;

after fingere: ut facit apud Platonem Socrates,

id. ib.:

necesse erit uti epilogis, ut in Verrem Cicero fecit,

Quint. 6, 1, 54:

qui dicere ac facere doceat,

id. 2, 3, 11:

faciant equites,

Juv. 7, 14; Liv. 42, 37, 6:

petis ut libellos meos recognoscendos curem. Faciam,

Plin. Ep. 4, 26, 1; 5, 1, 4 et saep. (cf. the use of facio, as neutr., to resume or recall the meaning of another verb, v. II. E. infra; between that use and this no line can be drawn).

In partic.

With a double object, to make a thing into something, to render it something:

senatum bene firmum firmiorem vestra auctoritate fecistis,

Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

te disertum,

id. ib. 2, 39 fin.:

iratum adversario judicem,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 220:

heredem filiam,

to appoint, constitute, id. Verr. 2, 1, 43, § 111:

aliquem regem,

Just. 9, 6:

aliquem ludos,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 75:

aliquem absentem rei capitalis reum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 93:

animum dubium,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 27:

injurias irritas,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 63:

vectigalia sibi deteriora,

Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 4:

hi consules facti sunt,

Cic. de Sen. 5, 14:

disciplina doctior facta civitas,

id. Rep. 2, 19:

di ex hominibus facti,

id. ib. 2, 10; cf.:

tua virtute nobis Romanos ex amicis amicissimos fecisti,

Sall. J. 10, 2.—In pass.:

quo tibi sumere depositum clavum fierique tribuno?

to become a tribune, Hor. S. 1, 6, 25.—

to value, esteem, regard a person or thing in any manner (like the Engl. make, in the phrase to make much of).—Esp. with gen. pretii:

in quo perspicere posses, quanti te, quanti Pompeium, quem unum ex omnibus facio, ut debeo, plurimi, quanti Brutum facerem,

Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 2:

te quotidie pluris feci,

id. ib. 3, 4, 2:

voluptatem virtus minimi facit,

id. Fin. 2, 13, 42:

dolorem nihili facere,

to care nothing for, to despise, id. ib. 27, 88:

nihili facio scire,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 42:

negat se magni facere, utrum, etc.,

Quint. 11, 1, 38:

parum id facio,

Sall. J. 85, 31: si illi aliter nos faciant quam aequum sit. Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 43.—

With gen., to make a thing the property of a person, subject it to him: omnia, quae mulieris fuerunt, viri fiunt, Cic. Top. 4, 23.—Esp.: facere aliquid dicionis alicujus, to reduce to subjection under a person or power:

omnem oram Romanae dicionis fecit,

Liv. 21, 60, 3:

dicionis alienae facti,

id. 1, 25, 13; 5, 27, 14; cf.: ut munus imperii beneficii sui faceret, to make it ( seem) his own bounty, Just. 13, 4, 9:

ne delecto imperatore alio sui muneris rempublicam faceret,

Tac. A. 15, 52.—

To represent a thing in any manner, to feign, assert, say. —Constr. with acc. and adj. or part., or with acc. and inf.

Acc. and part.:

in eo libro, ubi se exeuntem e senatu et cum Pansa colloquentem facit,

id. Brut. 60, 218:

Xenophon facit... Socratem disputantem,

id. N. D. 1, 12, 31; cf.:

ejus (Socratis) oratio, qua facit eum Plato usum apud judices,

id. Tusc. 1, 40 fin. al.—

Acc. and inf.:

qui nuper fecit servo currenti in via decesse populum,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 31:

fecerat et fetam procubuisse lupam,

Verg. A. 8, 630; cf. Ov. M. 6, 109, v. Bach ad h. l.:

poetae impendere apud inferos saxum Tantalo faciunt,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 35:

quem (Herculem) Homerus apud inferos conveniri facit ab Ulixe,

id. N. D. 3, 16, 41:

Plato construi a deo mundum facit,

id. ib. 1, 8, 19:

Plato Isocratem laudari fecit a Socrate,

id. Opt. Gen. 6, 17; id. Brut. 38, 142:

M. Cicero dicere facit C. Laelium,

Gell. 17, 5, 1:

caput esse faciunt ea, quae perspicua dicunt,

Cic. Fia. 4, 4, 8, v. Madv. ad h. l.—

In double construction:

Polyphemum Homerus cum ariete colloquentem facit ejusque laudare fortunas,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 39 fin. —

To make believe, to pretend:

facio me alias res agere,

Cic. Fam. 15, 18:

cum verbis se locupletem faceret,

id. Fl. 20:

me unum ex iis feci, qui, etc.,

id. Planc. 27, 65.—

Hypothetically in the imper. fac, suppose, assume:

fac, quaeso, qui ego sum, esse te,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1; cf.:

fac potuisse,

id. Phil. 2, 3, 5:

fac animos non remanere post mortem,

id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82; 1, 29, 70:

fac velit,

Stat. Ach. 2, 241:

fac velle,

Verg. A. 4, 540.—

In mercant. lang., to practise, exercise, follow any trade or profession:

cum mercaturas facerent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 72:

naviculariam,

id. ib. 2, 5, 18, §

46: argentariam,

id. ib. 2, 5, 49, § 155; id. Caecin. 4, 10:

topiariam,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 5:

haruspicinam,

id. Fam. 6, 18, 1:

praeconium,

id. ib.; so,

piraticam,

id. Post. Red. in Sen. 5, 11:

medicinam,

Phaedr. 1, 14, 2.—

In relig. lang., like the Gr. rhezein, to perform or celebrate a religious rite; to offer sacrifice, make an offering, to sacrifice:

res illum divinas apud eos deos in suo sacrario quotidie facere vidisti,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 8, § 18:

sacra pro civibus,

id. Balb. 24, 55:

sacrificium publicum,

id. Brut. 14, 56.— Absol.:

a sacris patriis Junonis Sospitae, cui omnes consules facere necesse est, consulem avellere,

Cic. Mur. 41, 90.—With abl.:

cum faciam vitula pro frugibus,

Verg. E. 3, 77:

catulo,

Col. 2, 22, 4.— Pass. impers.:

cum pro populo fieret,

Cic. Att. 1, 13, 3:

quibus diis decemviri ex libris ut fieret, ediderunt,

Liv. 37, 3, 5.—

In gram., to make, form in inflecting:

cur aper apri et pater patris faciat?

Quint. 1, 6, 13; so id. 14; 15; 27; cf.:

sic genitivus Achilli et Ulixi fecit,

id. 1, 5, 63; 1, 6, 26:

eadem (littera) fecit ex duello bellum,

id. 1, 4, 15.—

In late Lat., (se) facere aliquo, to betake one's self to any place:

intra limen sese facit,

App. 5, p. 159, 25;

without se: homo meus coepit ad stelas facere,

Petr. 62:

ad illum ex Libya Hammon facit,

Tert. Pall. 3.—

Peculiar phrases.

Quid faciam (facias, fiet, etc.), with abl., dat., or (rare) with de, what is to be done with a person or thing? quid hoc homine facias? Cic. Sest. 13, 29; id. Verr. 2, 2, 16, § 40:

nescit quid faciat auro,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 100:

quid tu huic homini facias?

Cic. Caecin. 11, 30; cf.:

quid enim tibi faciam,

id. Att. 7, 3, 2: quid faceret huic conclusioni, i. e. how should he refute, etc., id. Ac. 2, 30, 96:

quid facias illi?

Hor. S. 1, 1, 63:

miserunt Delphos consultum quidnam facerent de rebus suis,

Nep. Them. 2: quid fecisti scipione? what have you done with the stick? or, what has become of it? Plaut. Cas. 5, 4, 6; cf. id. ib. 5, 4, 9.—In pass.:

quid Tulliola mea fiet?

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 3:

quid illo fiet? quid me?

id. Att. 6, 1, 14:

quid fiet artibus?

id. Ac. 2, 33, 107:

quid mihi fiet?

Ov. A. A. 1, 536:

quid de illa fiet fidicina igitur?

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 48: de fratre quid fiet? Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 39.— Absol.:

quid faciat Philomela? fugam custodia claudit?

Ov. M. 6, 572:

quid facerem? neque servitio me exire licebat, etc.,

Verg. E. 1, 41 al. —

Fit, factum est aliquo or aliqua re, it happens to, becomes of a person or thing:

volo Erogitare, meo minore quid sit factum filio,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 32:

nec quid deinde iis (elephantis) factum sit, auctores explicant,

Plin. 8, 6, 6, § 17:

quid eo est argento factum?

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 106.—Hence,

Esp., si quid factum sit aliquo, if any thing should happen to one (i. q. si quid acciderit humanitus), euphemistically for if one should die:

si quid eo factum esset, in quo spem essetis habituri?

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 20, 59; cf.:

eum fecisse aiunt, sibi quod faciendum fuit,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 1, 23. —

Ut fit, as it usually happens, as is commonly the case:

praesertim cum, ut fit, fortuito saepe aliquid concluse apteque dicerent,

Cic. Or. 53, 177:

queri, ut fit, incipiunt,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 56:

dum se uxor, ut fit, comparat,

id. Mil. 10, 28:

fecit statim, ut fit, fastidium copia,

Liv. 3, 1, 7.—

Fiat, an expression of assent, so be it! very good! fiat, geratur mos tibi, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 146; id. As. 1, 1, 27; id. Am. 2, 2, 138; id. Most. 4, 3, 44 al.—

Dictum ac factum, no sooner said than done, without delay, at once; v. dictum under dico, A. d.—

In certain phrases the ellipsis of facere is common, e. g. finem facere:

Quae cum dixisset, Cotta finem,

Cic. N. D. 3, 40, 94; id. Fin. 4, 1 init. —With nihil aliud quam, quid alium quam, nihil praeterquam, which often = an emphatic Engl. only (but not in Cic.):

Tissaphernes nihil aliud quam bellum comparavit,

Nep. Ages. 2:

per biduum nihil aliud quam steterunt parati,

Liv. 34, 46; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Aug. 83; Liv. 2, 63; 4, 3; 3, 26.—So with nihil amplius quam, nihil prius quam, nihil minus quam, Liv. 26, 20; 35, 11; Suet. Dom. 3.

With adverbs, to do, deal, or act in any manner:

recta et vera loquere, sed neque vere neque recte adhuc Fecisti umquam,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7;

v. recte under rego: bene fecit Silius, qui transegerit,

Cic. Att. 12, 24, 1:

seu recte seu perperam,

to do right or wrong, id. Quint. 8, 31:

Dalmatis di male faciant,

id. Fam. 5, 11 fin.:

facis amice,

in a friendly manner, id. Lael. 2, 9; cf.:

per malitiam,

maliciously, id. Rosc. Com. 7, 21:

humaniter,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1:

imperite,

id. Leg. 1, 1, 4:

tutius,

Quint. 5, 10, 68:

voluit facere contra huic aegre,

Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10: bene facere, to profit, benefit (opp. male facere, to hurt, injure), Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 25; 5, 7, 19; Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 22; id. Capt. 5, 2, 23; v. also under benefacio and benefactum.—

Facere cum or ab aliquo, to take part with one, to side with one; and opp. contra (or adversus) aliquem, to take part against one:

si respondisset, idem sentire et secum facere Sullam,

Cic. Sull. 13, 36; cf.:

cum illo consulem facere,

id. Att. 6, 8, 2; and:

secum consules facere,

id. Planc. 35, 86:

auctoritatem sapientissimorum hominum facere nobiscum,

id. Caecin. 36, 104; cf.:

rem et sententiam interdicti mecum facere fatebatur,

id. ib. 28, 79:

cum veritas cum hoc faciat,

is on his side, id. Quint. 30, 91:

commune est, quod nihilo magis ab adversariis quam a nobis facit,

id. Inv. 1, 48, 90:

omnes damnatos, omnes ignominia affectos illac (a or cum Caesare) facere,

id. Att. 7, 3, 5:

quae res in civitate duae plurimum possunt, eae contra nos ambae faciunt in hoc tempore,

id. Quint. 1, 1:

neque minus eos cum quibus steterint quam adversus quos fecerint,

Nep. Eum. 8, 2:

cum aliquo non male facere,

to be on good terms with, Ov. Am. 3, 762.—

In late Lat. facere cum aliqua = vivere cum aliqua, to live in matrimony, to be married, Inscr. Orell. 4646. —

Ad aliquid, alicui, or absol., to be good or of use for any thing; to be useful, of service:

chamaeleon facit ad difficultatem urinae,

Plin. 22, 18, 21, § 46; Scrib. Comp. 122:

ad talem formam non facit iste locus,

Ov. H. 16, 190; cf. id. ib. 6, 128; id. Am. 1, 2, 16 al.:

radix coronopi coeliacis praeclare facit,

Plin. 22, 19, 22, § 48; so with dat., Plin. Val. 2, 1; Prop. 3 (4), 1, 20:

facit autem commode ea compositio, quam, etc.,

Col. 7, 5, 7; 8, 17, 13:

nec caelum, nec aquae faciunt, nec terra, nec aurae,

do not benefit me, Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 23:

mire facit in peroratione confessio,

Quint. 11, 3, 173; 171; cf. with a subject-clause: plurimum facit, totas diligenter [p. 718] nosse causas, id. 6, 4, 8: ad aliquid or alicui signifies also to suit, fit:

non faciet capiti dura corona meo,

Prop. 3, 1, 19; cf. Ov. H. 16, 189.—

Like the Gr. poiein or dran, and the Engl. to do, instead of another verb (also for esse and pati):

factum cupio (sc. id esse),

Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 24:

factum volo,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 91; id. Most. 3, 2, 104:

an Scythes Anacharsis potuit pro nihilo pecuniam ducere, nostrates philosophi facere non potuerunt?

Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 90:

nihil his in locis nisi saxa et montes cogitabam: idque ut facerem, orationibus inducebar tuis,

id. Leg. 2, 1, 2; cf.:

Demosthenem, si illa pronuntiare voluisset, ornate splendideque facere potuisse,

id. Off. 1, 1 fin.; and:

cur Cassandra furens futura prospiciat, Priamus sapiens hoc idem facere nequeat?

id. Div. 1, 39, 85; so id. Ac. 2, 33, 107; id. Att. 1, 16, 13; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 2; Nep. Chabr. 3, 4; 4, 3 al.:

vadem te ad mortem tyranno dabis pro amico, ut Pythagoreus ille Siculo fecit tyranno (here also with the case of the preceding verb),

Cic. Fin. 2, 24 fin. (v. Madv. ad h. l. p. 278):

jubeas (eum) miserum esse, libenter quatenus id facit (i. e. miser est),

what he is doing, Hor. S. 1, 1, 64:

in hominibus solum existunt: nam bestiae simile quiddam faciunt (i. q. patiuntur or habent),

Cic. Tusc. 4, 14; so,

ne facias quod Ummidius quidam (= ne idem experiaris, ne idem tibi eveniat),

Hor. S. 1, 1, 94. —

Facere omitted, especially in short sentences expressing a judgment upon conduct, etc.:

at stulte, qui non modo non censuerit, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 27, 101.—Hence,

factus, a, um, P. a.

As adjective ante-class. and very rare:

factius nihilo facit, sc. id, i. e. nihilo magis effectum reddit,

is no nearer bringing it about, Plaut. Trin. 2, 3, 6; cf. Lorenz ad loc.—Far more freq.,

In the neutr. as subst.: factum, i ( gen. plur. factum, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 Trag. 81), that which is done, a deed, act, exploit, achievement (syn.: res gestae, facinus).

In gen.:

depingere,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 5, 38:

facere factum,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 5; id. Mil. 3, 1, 139:

dicta et facta,

Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 19; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 12:

opus facto est,

id. Phorm. 4, 5, 4:

ecquod hujus factum aut commissum non dicam audacius, sed, etc.,

Cic. Sull. 26, 72: meum factum probari abs te triumpho gaudio, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, A. 1;

14, 9, 2: quod umquam eorum in re publica forte factum exstitit?

id. ib. 8, 14, 2:

praeclarum atque divinum,

id. Phil. 2, 44, 114:

egregium,

id. Fam. 10, 16, 2; id. Cael. 10, 23:

factum per se improbabile,

Quint. 7, 4, 7; 6, 1, 22:

illustre,

Nep. Arist. 2, 2; cf.:

illustria et gloriosa,

Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37:

forte,

id. Att. 8, 14, 2:

dira,

Ov. M. 6, 533:

nefanda,

id. H. 14, 16 al.; but also with the adv.:

recte ac turpiter factum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 5; cf.:

multa huius (Timothei) sunt praeclare facta sed haec maxime illustria,

Nep. Timoth. 1, 2;

v. Zumpt, Gram. § 722, 2: dimidium facti, qui coepit, habet,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 40:

quo facto aut dicto adest opus,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 15 et saep.:

famam extendere factis,

Verg. A. 10, 468: non hominum video. non ego facta boum, doings, i. e. works, Ov. H. 10, 60.—

In partic., bonum factum, like the Gr. agathê tuchê, a good deed, i. e. well done, fortunate (ante-class. and post-Aug.):

bonum factum'st, edicta ut servetis mea,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 16; cf. id. ib. 44; cf.:

hoc factum est optimum, ut, etc.,

id. Ps. 1, 2, 52:

majorum bona facta,

Tac. A. 3, 40; cf. id. ib. 3, 65. —At the commencement of edicts, Suet. Caesar, 80; id. Vit. 14; Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 49, 17; Tert. Pudic. 1.—(But in the class. per. factum in this sense is a participle, and is construed with an adv.:

bene facta,

Sall. C. 8, 5; id. J. 85, 5; Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 64:

recte, male facta,

id. Off. 2, 18, 62:

male facto exigua laus proponitur,

id. Leg. Agr. 2, 2, 5; id. Brut. 43, 322; Quint. 3, 7, 13; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 460).—

facteon, a word jestingly formed by Cicero, after the analogy of the Greek, for faciendum: quare, ut opinor, philosophêteon, id quod tu facis, et istos consulatus non flocci facteon, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 13 Orell. N. cr. (for facteon, Ernesti has eateon).

* * *

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* * *

lustrum, i, n. [1. luo, lavo; cf.: monstrum, moneo], a slough, bog, morass, puddle.

Lit.:

prodigunt in lutosos limites ac lustra, ut volutentur in luto,

Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 8.—

Transf.

A haunt or den of wild beasts:

lustra ferarum,

Verg. G. 2, 471; id. A. 3, 647:

lustra horrida monstris,

Val. Fl. 4, 370.—

A wood, forest:

postquam altos ventum in montes atque invia lustra,

Verg. A. 4, 151:

inter horrentia lustra,

id. ib. 11, 570.—

A house of ill-repute: ubi in lustra jacuisti? St. Egone in lustra? Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 26:

quod dem scortis, quodque in lustris comedim,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 91; id. Curc. 4, 2, 22: in lustris latet, Turp. ap. Non. 333, 15:

in lustris, popinis, alea, vino tempus aetatis omne consumpsisses,

Cic. Phil. 13, 11, 24:

homo emersus ex diuturnis tenebris lustrorum,

id. Sest. 9, 20.—

Debauchery; cf.: lustra significant lacunas lutosas, quae sunt in silvis aprorum cubilia. A quā similitudine, hi, qui in locis abditis et sorditis ventri et gulae operam dant, dicuntur in lustris vitam agere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 120:

domus, in qua lustra, libidines, luxuries, omnia denique inaudita vitia, versentur,

Cic. Cael. 23, 57:

studere lustris,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 17:

lustris perire,

Lucr. 4, 1136:

vino lustrisque confectus,

Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 6:

qui pugnent, marcere Campana luxuria, vino et scortis omnibusque lustris per totam hiemem confectos,

Liv. 23, 45, 3.

lustrum, i, n. [2. luo], a purificatory sacrifice, expiatory offering, lustration, made by the censors for the whole people once in five years, after completing the census, and in which a swine, a sheep, and a bull were offered (suovetaurilia): lustrum condere, to make the lustral sacrifice:

lustrum condidit et taurum immolavit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 268:

censu perfecto edixit, ut omnes cives Romani in campo primā luce adessent. Ibi exercitum omnem suovetaurilibus lustravit: idque conditum lustrum appellatum, quia is censendo finis factus est,

Liv. 1, 44; 3, 24; cf. id. 35, 9; 38, 36; 42, 10. The census could also be taken without being followed by a lustrum, Liv. 3, 22, 1; 24, 43, 4: sub lustrum censeri, at the close of the census, when the lustrum should begin:

sub lustrum censeri, germani negotiatoris est (because these were usually not in Rome, and were included in the census last of all),

Cic. Att. 1, 18, 8.—Being a religious ceremonial, the lustrum was sometimes omitted, when circumstances seemed to forbid it:

census actus eo anno: lustrum propter Capitolium captum, consulem occisum, condi religiosum fuit,

Liv. 3, 22, 1. Hence in part, doubtless, must be explained the small number of lustra actually celebrated; thus, A. U. C. 296:

census perficitur, idque lustrum ab origine urbis decimum conditum ferunt,

Liv. 3, 24, 10.—

Transf.

A propitiatory offering:

quinto die Delphis Apollini pro me exercitibusque et classibus lustra sacrificavi,

Liv. 45, 41, 3.—

A period of five years, a lustrum (because every five years a lustrum was performed).

In gen.:

cujus octavum trepidavit aetas Claudere lustrum,

Hor. C. 2, 4, 24; Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 78; Mart. 10, 38, 9.—

As the period of taxation, in reference to the imposition of duties, Varr, L. L. 6, 2, 11:

hoc ipso lustro,

Cic. Att. 6, 2, 5:

superioris lustri reliqua,

id. Fam. 2, 13, 3.—

In gen., a period of several years; of four years (of the Julian calendar), Ov. F. 3, 163; cf. Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122: ingens lustrum, the grand lustrum, a hundred years, at the end of which the ludi saeculares were celebrated, Mart. 4, 1, 7.—

From the time of Domitian, the Capitoline games, recurring every fifth year, Suet. Dom. 4; Censor. de Die Nat. 18; cf. Stat. S. 4, 2, 60:

certamine Jovis Capitolini lustro sexto,

Inscr. Grut. 332, 3;

called lustri certamen,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 27, 7.—

Hectoris Lustra (not Lytra), title of a tragedy of Ennius; v. Trag. Rel. p. 28 sq. Rib.; Vahl. Enn. p. 113 sq.—

The term of a lease:

priore lustro,

Plin. Ep. 9, 37, 2.

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ostento, āvi, ātum ( inf. pass. ostentarier, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 129), 1, v. freq. a. [ostendo], to present to view, to show, exhibit (class.).

In gen.:

alicui jugula sua pro capite alicujus,

to present, offer, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 4:

aliquem,

Verg. A. 12, 479:

campos nitentes,

id. ib. 6, 678:

Sidonias opes,

id. ib. 4, 75:

passum capillum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 48:

liberos,

Suet. Aug. 34: quo res sapsa loco sese ostentat, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 325 Müll. (Ann. v. 372 Vahl.).—

In partic.

To show off with vanity or boastfulness, to display, make a display of, boast of, vaunt:

amorem tibi meum,

Cic. Fam. 10, 3, 4:

quid me ostentem,

why should I make a display of myself? id. ib. 1, 4, 3:

et prae se ferre,

id. Att. 2, 23, 3:

memoriae ostentandae causā,

Auct. Her. 2, 30, 47: clientelas, Dolabell. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 2:

triumphos suos,

Sall. J. 31, 10:

eum ipsum aliis,

id. ib. 49, 4:

se in aliis rebus,

to exhibit themselves, Cic. Cael. 28, 67:

Ambiorigem ostentant fidei faciundae causā,

Caes. B. G. 5, 41.—

To hold out or up as an example:

desine Tydiden vultuque et murmure nobis Ostentare,

Ov. M. 13, 350.—

To hold out for the purpose of offering or giving; to proffer, promise:

alterā manu fert lapidem, panem ostentat alterā,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 18:

agrum,

Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 78:

praemia,

Sall. J. 66, 1; 89, 1; cf.:

praemia modo, modo formidinem,

id. ib. 23, 1:

praedam,

id. ib. 68, 3.—

To hold out in a threatening manner; to threaten, menace:

caedem, servitutem,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 1:

periculum capitis,

id. Clu. 8, 25:

minas,

Liv. 2, 42.—

To show by speech or signs; to indicate, point out, signify, reveal, disclose:

(largitio) verbis ostentari potest, re verā fieri, nisi exhausto aerario, nullo pacto potest,

Cic. Agr. 2, 4, 18:

tibi me istis esse familiarem,

id. Fam. 9, 6, 2:

principem,

to reveal, Plin. Pan. 4, 7.—With rel.-clause: ostentans, quanta eos... invidia maneret showing, declaring, Suet. Caes. 14.

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dĭgĭtus, i, m. [Gr. daktulos; cf. Germ. Zehe, Eng. toe; from root dek(dechomai), to grasp, receive; cf.

Germ. Finger, from fangen,

Curt. Gr. Etym. 133. Corssen, however, still refers digitus to root dik-, dico, deiknumi, as the pointer, indicator, Ausspr. 1, 380; cf. dico], a finger.

Prop.:

tot (cyathos bibimus), quot digiti sunt tibi in manu,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 24; id. Most. 5, 1, 69; id. Mil. 2, 2, 47; 4, 2, 57 et saep.—The special designations: pollex, the thumb; index or salutaris, the forefinger; medius, also infamis and impudicus, the middle finger; minimo proximus or medicinalis, the ring-finger; minimus, the little finger, v. under those words.—

Special connections:

attingere aliquem digito (uno),

to touch one lightly, gently, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 15; Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 2 Ruhnk.; Licinius ap. Gell. 19, 9, 13; Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 55; cf.

with tangere,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 5, 30; id. Poen. 5, 5, 29:

attingere aliquid extremis digitis (with primoribus labris gustare),

to touch lightly, to enjoy slightly, Cic. Cael. 12:

attingere caelum digito,

to be exceedingly happy, id. Att. 2, 1, 7: colere summis digitis, to adore (to touch the offering or consecrated gift) with the tips of the fingers, Lact. 1, 20; 5, 19 fin.; cf. Ov. F. 2, 573:

computare digitis,

to count on the fingers, to reckon up, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 51; Plin. 34, 8, 19, no. 29, § 88; cf.:

numerare per digitos,

Ov. F. 3, 123:

in digitis suis singulas partis causae constituere,

Cic. Div. in Caec. 14, 45.—Hence, venire ad digitos, to be reckoned, Plin. 2, 23, 21, § 87; and:

si tuos digitos novi,

thy skill in reckoning, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 13; cf.

also: digerere argumenta in digitos,

to count on the fingers, Quint. 11, 3, 114: concrepare digitos or digitis, to snap the fingers, as a signal of command, Petr. 27, 5; Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 53; Cic. Off. 3, 19; v. concrepo; cf.

also: digitus crepans,

Mart. 3, 82, 15:

digitorum crepitus,

id. 14, 119:

digitorum percussio,

Cic. Off. 3, 19, 78:

intendere digitum ad aliquid,

to point the finger at any thing, Cic. de Or. 1, 46 fin.:

liceri digito,

to hold up the finger in bidding at an auction, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 11;

for which also: tollere digitum,

id. ib. 2, 1, 54. The latter phrase also signifies, to raise the finger in token of submission, said of a combatant, Sid. Ep. 5, 7; cf. Mart. Spect. 29, 5;

and Schol,

Pers. 5, 119:

loqui digitis nutuque,

to talk by signs, Ov. Tr. 2, 453;

different is: postquam fuerant digiti cum voce locuti,

i. e. playing as an accompaniment to singing, Tib. 3, 4, 41; cf.:

ad digiti sonum,

id. 1, 2, 31; cf. also Lucr. 4, 587; 5, 1384:

digito compesce labellum,

hold your tongue, Juv. 1, 160.—For the various modes of employing the fingers in oratorical delivery, cf. Quint. 1, 10, 35; 11, 3, 92 sq.; 103; 120 al.: monstrari digito, i. e. to be pointed out, to become distinguished, famous, Hor. C. 4, 3, 22; Pers. 1, 28;

for which: demonstrari digito,

Tac. Or. 7 fin.; Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 266; id. Rep. 6, 24; Nep. Datam. 11, 5; Suet. Aug. 45.—Prov. phrases:

nescit, quot digitos habeat in manu, of one who knows nothing at all,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 5:

in digitis hodie percoquam quod ceperit,

i. e. he has caught nothing, id. Rud. 4, 1, 11: ne digitum quidem porrigere, not to stretch out a finger, like the Gr. daktulon mê proteinai, ekteinai, for not to give one's self the least trouble, Cic. Fin. 3, 17, 57; cf.:

exserere digitum,

Pers. 5, 119 Scal.;

and in like manner: proferre digitum,

to move a finger, to make any exertion, Cic. Caecin. 25, 71:

scalpere caput digito, of effeminate men fearful of disarranging their hair,

Juv. 9, 133; cf. Sen. Ep. 52 fin.; a habit of Pompey's, acc. to Calvus ap. Schol. Luc. 7, 726, and Sen. Contr. 3, 19; Amm. 17, 11. (Cf. Echtermeyer's Ueber Namen und symbolische Bedeutung der Finger bei den Griechen und Römern, Progr. d. Hall. Pädagogiums, v. 1835.)

Transf.

A toe (cf. Heb., Gr. daktulos, Fr. doigt), Lucr. 3, 527; Verg. A. 5, 426; Petr. 132, 14; Sen. Ep. 111; Quint. 2, 3, 8 et saep.; also of the toes of animals, Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 4; Col. 8, 2, 8; Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 119 al.—

A small bough, a twig, Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 12; 17, 24, 37, § 224.—

As a measure of length, an inch, the sixteenth part of a Roman foot (pes), Front. Aquaed. 24 sq.; Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 6; id. B. C. 2, 10, 4; Juv. 12, 59 al.: digiti primores, finger-ends, as a measure, Cato R. R. 21, 2;

digitus transversus,

a fingerbreadth, id. ib. 45 fin.;

48, 2.—Prov.: digitum transversum non discedere ab aliqua re,

not to swerve a finger's breadth, Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 58; cf.

without transversum: nusquam ab argento digitum discedere,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 15;

and ellipt.: ab honestissima sententia digitum nusquam,

id. Att. 7, 3, 11.

Dĭgĭtus, i, m., a proper name; in plur.: Digiti Idaei = Daktuloi Idaioi, the priests of Cybele, Cic. N. D. 3, 16, 42; cf. Arn. 3, 41 and 43, and v. Dactylus.

dĭgĭtus, i, m. [Gr. daktulos; cf. Germ. Zehe, Eng. toe; from root dek(dechomai), to grasp, receive; cf.

Germ. Finger, from fangen,

Curt. Gr. Etym. 133. Corssen, however, still refers digitus to root dik-, dico, deiknumi, as the pointer, indicator, Ausspr. 1, 380; cf. dico], a finger.

Prop.:

tot (cyathos bibimus), quot digiti sunt tibi in manu,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 24; id. Most. 5, 1, 69; id. Mil. 2, 2, 47; 4, 2, 57 et saep.—The special designations: pollex, the thumb; index or salutaris, the forefinger; medius, also infamis and impudicus, the middle finger; minimo proximus or medicinalis, the ring-finger; minimus, the little finger, v. under those words.—

Special connections:

attingere aliquem digito (uno),

to touch one lightly, gently, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 15; Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 2 Ruhnk.; Licinius ap. Gell. 19, 9, 13; Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 55; cf.

with tangere,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 5, 30; id. Poen. 5, 5, 29:

attingere aliquid extremis digitis (with primoribus labris gustare),

to touch lightly, to enjoy slightly, Cic. Cael. 12:

attingere caelum digito,

to be exceedingly happy, id. Att. 2, 1, 7: colere summis digitis, to adore (to touch the offering or consecrated gift) with the tips of the fingers, Lact. 1, 20; 5, 19 fin.; cf. Ov. F. 2, 573:

computare digitis,

to count on the fingers, to reckon up, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 51; Plin. 34, 8, 19, no. 29, § 88; cf.:

numerare per digitos,

Ov. F. 3, 123:

in digitis suis singulas partis causae constituere,

Cic. Div. in Caec. 14, 45.—Hence, venire ad digitos, to be reckoned, Plin. 2, 23, 21, § 87; and:

si tuos digitos novi,

thy skill in reckoning, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 13; cf.

also: digerere argumenta in digitos,

to count on the fingers, Quint. 11, 3, 114: concrepare digitos or digitis, to snap the fingers, as a signal of command, Petr. 27, 5; Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 53; Cic. Off. 3, 19; v. concrepo; cf.

also: digitus crepans,

Mart. 3, 82, 15:

digitorum crepitus,

id. 14, 119:

digitorum percussio,

Cic. Off. 3, 19, 78:

intendere digitum ad aliquid,

to point the finger at any thing, Cic. de Or. 1, 46 fin.:

liceri digito,

to hold up the finger in bidding at an auction, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 11;

for which also: tollere digitum,

id. ib. 2, 1, 54. The latter phrase also signifies, to raise the finger in token of submission, said of a combatant, Sid. Ep. 5, 7; cf. Mart. Spect. 29, 5;

and Schol,

Pers. 5, 119:

loqui digitis nutuque,

to talk by signs, Ov. Tr. 2, 453;

different is: postquam fuerant digiti cum voce locuti,

i. e. playing as an accompaniment to singing, Tib. 3, 4, 41; cf.:

ad digiti sonum,

id. 1, 2, 31; cf. also Lucr. 4, 587; 5, 1384:

digito compesce labellum,

hold your tongue, Juv. 1, 160.—For the various modes of employing the fingers in oratorical delivery, cf. Quint. 1, 10, 35; 11, 3, 92 sq.; 103; 120 al.: monstrari digito, i. e. to be pointed out, to become distinguished, famous, Hor. C. 4, 3, 22; Pers. 1, 28;

for which: demonstrari digito,

Tac. Or. 7 fin.; Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 266; id. Rep. 6, 24; Nep. Datam. 11, 5; Suet. Aug. 45.—Prov. phrases:

nescit, quot digitos habeat in manu, of one who knows nothing at all,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 5:

in digitis hodie percoquam quod ceperit,

i. e. he has caught nothing, id. Rud. 4, 1, 11: ne digitum quidem porrigere, not to stretch out a finger, like the Gr. daktulon mê proteinai, ekteinai, for not to give one's self the least trouble, Cic. Fin. 3, 17, 57; cf.:

exserere digitum,

Pers. 5, 119 Scal.;

and in like manner: proferre digitum,

to move a finger, to make any exertion, Cic. Caecin. 25, 71:

scalpere caput digito, of effeminate men fearful of disarranging their hair,

Juv. 9, 133; cf. Sen. Ep. 52 fin.; a habit of Pompey's, acc. to Calvus ap. Schol. Luc. 7, 726, and Sen. Contr. 3, 19; Amm. 17, 11. (Cf. Echtermeyer's Ueber Namen und symbolische Bedeutung der Finger bei den Griechen und Römern, Progr. d. Hall. Pädagogiums, v. 1835.)

Transf.

A toe (cf. Heb., Gr. daktulos, Fr. doigt), Lucr. 3, 527; Verg. A. 5, 426; Petr. 132, 14; Sen. Ep. 111; Quint. 2, 3, 8 et saep.; also of the toes of animals, Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 4; Col. 8, 2, 8; Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 119 al.—

A small bough, a twig, Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 12; 17, 24, 37, § 224.—

As a measure of length, an inch, the sixteenth part of a Roman foot (pes), Front. Aquaed. 24 sq.; Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 6; id. B. C. 2, 10, 4; Juv. 12, 59 al.: digiti primores, finger-ends, as a measure, Cato R. R. 21, 2;

digitus transversus,

a fingerbreadth, id. ib. 45 fin.;

48, 2.—Prov.: digitum transversum non discedere ab aliqua re,

not to swerve a finger's breadth, Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 58; cf.

without transversum: nusquam ab argento digitum discedere,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 15;

and ellipt.: ab honestissima sententia digitum nusquam,

id. Att. 7, 3, 11.

Dĭgĭtus, i, m., a proper name; in plur.: Digiti Idaei = Daktuloi Idaioi, the priests of Cybele, Cic. N. D. 3, 16, 42; cf. Arn. 3, 41 and 43, and v. Dactylus.

lībo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [root lib-, leibô, loibê; cf. Līber, delibutus, etc.], to take a little from any thing.

Lit.

In gen.:

libare gramina dentibus,

to crop, Calp. Ecl. 5, 51.—

In partic.

To take a taste of a thing, to taste:

jecur,

Liv. 25, 16:

pocula Bacchi,

Verg. A. 3, 354:

flumina libant Summa leves,

to sip, id. G. 4, 54.—

Poet., to touch a thing:

cibos digitis,

Ov. A. A. 1, 577:

summam celeri pede libat harenam,

id. M. 10, 653:

cellulae limen,

Petr. 136:

oscula alicujus,

to kiss, Verg. A. 1, 256.—

To pour out in honor of a deity, to make a libation of any thing:

duo rite mero libans carchesia Baccho,

Verg. A. 5, 77:

carchesia patri,

Val. Fl. 5, 274:

Oceano libemus,

Verg. G. 4, 381:

in mensam laticum libavit honorem,

id. A. 1, 740:

pateris altaria libant,

sprinkle, id. ib. 12, 174:

sepulcrum mei Tlepolemi tuo luminum cruore libabo,

App. M. 8, p. 206 fin. —

To pour out or forth:

rorem in tempora nati,

Val. Fl. 4, 15.—

To pour out as an offering, to offer, dedicate, consecrate:

certasque fruges certasque bacas sacerdotes publice libanto,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

diis dapes,

Liv. 39, 43:

uvam,

Tib. 1, 11, 21:

frugem Cereri,

Ov. M. 8, 274:

noluit bibere, sed libavit eam (aquam) Domino,

Vulg. 2 Reg. 23, 16. — Absol., to offer libations:

libant diis alienis,

Vulg. Jer. 7, 18:

Domino,

id. 2 Reg. 23, 16:

cum solemni die Jovi libaretur,

Gell. 12, 8, 2.—So poet.:

carmen aris,

Prop. 4 (5), 6, 8:

Celso lacrimas libamus adempto,

Ov. P. 1, 9, 41.—

To lessen, diminish, impair by taking away:

ergo terra tibi libatur et aucta recrescit,

Lucr. 5, 260; id. 5, 568:

virginitatem,

Ov. H. 2, 115:

vires,

Liv. 21, 29.—

Trop., to take out, cull, extract from any thing (rare but class.):

ex variis ingeniis excellentissima quaeque libavimus,

Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 4; cf. id. Tusc. 5, 29, 82:

qui tuo nomini velis ex aliorum laboribus libare laudem,

Auct. Her. 4, 3, 5:

libandus est etiam ex omni genere urbanitatis facetiarum quidem lepos,

Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 159:

a qua (natura deorum) haustos animos et libatos habemus,

id. Div. 1, 49, 110:

unde (i. e. ex divinitate) omnes animos haustos, aut acceptos, aut libatos haberemus,

id. ib. 2, 11, 26: neque ea, ut sua, possedisse, sed ut aliena libāsse. id. de Or. 1, 50, 218.—

To learn something of, acquire superficially:

sed eum (informamus) qui quasdam artes haurire, omnes libare debet,

Tac. Dial. 31 fin.

Lĭbo, ōnis, m., a Roman surname in the gens Marcia and Scribonia, Cic. Att. 12, 5, 3; id. Brut. 23, 89; id. de Or. 2, 65, 263; id. Ac. 1, 1, 3; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.

lībo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [root lib-, leibô, loibê; cf. Līber, delibutus, etc.], to take a little from any thing.

Lit.

In gen.:

libare gramina dentibus,

to crop, Calp. Ecl. 5, 51.—

In partic.

To take a taste of a thing, to taste:

jecur,

Liv. 25, 16:

pocula Bacchi,

Verg. A. 3, 354:

flumina libant Summa leves,

to sip, id. G. 4, 54.—

Poet., to touch a thing:

cibos digitis,

Ov. A. A. 1, 577:

summam celeri pede libat harenam,

id. M. 10, 653:

cellulae limen,

Petr. 136:

oscula alicujus,

to kiss, Verg. A. 1, 256.—

To pour out in honor of a deity, to make a libation of any thing:

duo rite mero libans carchesia Baccho,

Verg. A. 5, 77:

carchesia patri,

Val. Fl. 5, 274:

Oceano libemus,

Verg. G. 4, 381:

in mensam laticum libavit honorem,

id. A. 1, 740:

pateris altaria libant,

sprinkle, id. ib. 12, 174:

sepulcrum mei Tlepolemi tuo luminum cruore libabo,

App. M. 8, p. 206 fin. —

To pour out or forth:

rorem in tempora nati,

Val. Fl. 4, 15.—

To pour out as an offering, to offer, dedicate, consecrate:

certasque fruges certasque bacas sacerdotes publice libanto,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

diis dapes,

Liv. 39, 43:

uvam,

Tib. 1, 11, 21:

frugem Cereri,

Ov. M. 8, 274:

noluit bibere, sed libavit eam (aquam) Domino,

Vulg. 2 Reg. 23, 16. — Absol., to offer libations:

libant diis alienis,

Vulg. Jer. 7, 18:

Domino,

id. 2 Reg. 23, 16:

cum solemni die Jovi libaretur,

Gell. 12, 8, 2.—So poet.:

carmen aris,

Prop. 4 (5), 6, 8:

Celso lacrimas libamus adempto,

Ov. P. 1, 9, 41.—

To lessen, diminish, impair by taking away:

ergo terra tibi libatur et aucta recrescit,

Lucr. 5, 260; id. 5, 568:

virginitatem,

Ov. H. 2, 115:

vires,

Liv. 21, 29.—

Trop., to take out, cull, extract from any thing (rare but class.):

ex variis ingeniis excellentissima quaeque libavimus,

Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 4; cf. id. Tusc. 5, 29, 82:

qui tuo nomini velis ex aliorum laboribus libare laudem,

Auct. Her. 4, 3, 5:

libandus est etiam ex omni genere urbanitatis facetiarum quidem lepos,

Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 159:

a qua (natura deorum) haustos animos et libatos habemus,

id. Div. 1, 49, 110:

unde (i. e. ex divinitate) omnes animos haustos, aut acceptos, aut libatos haberemus,

id. ib. 2, 11, 26: neque ea, ut sua, possedisse, sed ut aliena libāsse. id. de Or. 1, 50, 218.—

To learn something of, acquire superficially:

sed eum (informamus) qui quasdam artes haurire, omnes libare debet,

Tac. Dial. 31 fin.

Lĭbo, ōnis, m., a Roman surname in the gens Marcia and Scribonia, Cic. Att. 12, 5, 3; id. Brut. 23, 89; id. de Or. 2, 65, 263; id. Ac. 1, 1, 3; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.

lustro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [2. lustrum], to purify by means of a propitiatory offering (syn.: procuro, expio).

Lit.:

agrum lustrare sic oportet. Impera suovetaurilia circumagi, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 141:

in lustranda colonia ab eo, qui eam deduceret,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 102:

ibi instructum exercitum omnem suovetaurilibus lustravit,

Liv. 1, 44; 40, 6:

tunc vitula innumeros lustrabat caesa juvencos,

Tib. 1, 1, 25 (31 Müll.):

aliquem taedis,

id. 1, 2, 61:

terque senem flammā, ter aquā, ter sulphure lustrat,

Ov. M. 7, 261; cf. Verg. A. 6, 231:

lustramurque Iovi votisque incendimus aras,

we purify ourselves, id. ib. 3, 279:

se centum lustrare ovis,

Juv. 6, 518:

lustrari,

id. 2, 157: non inveniatur in te, qui lustret filium tuum aut filiam tuam, nec divinus, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 15, 1, 1.—

Transf., because, at the lustral sacrifice, the priest went around the person or object purified; hence,

To go around, encircle:

regem choreis,

Verg. A. 10, 224.—

To go round, wander over, traverse:

Pythagoras et Aegyptum lustravit et Persarum Magos adiit,

Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 87: latitudinem lustrans signiferi orbis, id. N. D. 2, 20, 53; so id. Univ. 9:

et salis Ausonii lustrandum navibus aequor,

Verg. A. 3, 385:

pede barbaro Lustrata Rhodope,

Hor. C. 3, 25, 11:

lustrati montes,

Plin. 6, 27, 31, § 129:

nulla meis frustra lustrantur compita plantis,

Prop. 3, 15, 3:

lustravitque fuga mediam gladiator harenam,

Juv. 2, 14, 4:

spatium,

id. 6, 582.—

Military term, to review:

exercitum lustravi apud Iconium,

Cic. Att. 5, 20, 2; Hirt. B. G. 8, 52; cf.:

inclusas animas superumque ad lumen ituras Lustrabat,

Verg. A. 6, 681.—

To review, survey, observe, examine ( poet.):

et totum lustrabat lumine corpus,

Verg. A. 8, 153:

respicio et quae sit me circum copia lustro,

id. ib. 2, 564:

alicujus vestigia,

id. ib. 11, 763; Tac. A. 15, 26; Petr. Sat. 11; Sil. 15, 787.—

Trop., to review, consider:

omnia ratione animoque,

Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57.—

(Of the sun, moon, etc.) To illuminate, make bright:

postera Phoebeā lustrabat lampade terras Aurora,

Verg. A. 4, 6; 7, 148:

sol, obliquo terras et caelum lumine lustrans,

Lucr. 5, 693; 5, 79:

mundi magnum templum Sol et luna suo lustrantes lumine,

id. 5, 1437; 6, 737:

Sol, qui terrarum flammis opera omnia lustras,

Verg. A. 4, 607.

lustro, ōnis, m., i. q. vagus, wanderer, vagabond, Naev. in Lex. Vatic. tom. 8, p. 313; cf.

Klussman,

Naev. p. 232, and Com. Rel. v. 118 sq. Rib.

părento, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [2. parens], to offer a solemn sacrifice in honor of deceased parents or relatives (cf.: lito, sacrifico).

Lit.:

cujus sepulcrum usquam exstet, ubi parentetur,

Cic. Phil. 1, 6, 13:

parentemus Cethego,

id. Fl. 38, 96:

Februario mense mortuis parentari voluerunt,

id. Leg. 2, 21, 54:

hostiā maximā parentare,

id. ib. 2, 21, 54; Cenot. Pis. in Inscr. Orell. 643:

mortuis certe interdiu parentatur,

Sen. Ep. 122, 3; Plin. 18, 12, 30, § 118:

non sacrificamus, nec parentamus: sed neque de sacrificato et parentato edimus,

Tert. Spect. 13.—

Transf., to revenge the death of a parent or near relative by that of another, to make therewith an offering to his manes:

praestare omnes perferre acerbitates, quam non civibus Romanis, qui Genabi perfidiā Gallorum interissent, parentarent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 17 fin.:

parentandum regi sanguine conjuratorum esse,

Liv. 24, 21; Curt. 7, 2, 29; 5, 6, 1:

viginti legionum sanguine fratri parentare,

Sen. Polyb. 16 (35), 2; Just. 12, 15, 6:

ejus supplicio uxoris Manibus parentavit,

id. 39, 3, 12; so, Manibus eorum vastatione Italiae, etc., Flor. 2, 6, 8; 3, 21, 20:

Memnonis umbris sollenni caede,

Ov. Am. 1, 13, 3:

eorum manibus sanguine,

Amm. 15, 8, 6.—

Trop., to appease, satisfy, etc.:

internecione hostium justae irae parentatum est,

Curt. 9, 5, 20; Flor. 2, 6, 8; 3, 21, 20; Just. 13, 3, 10; Petr. 81.